Because surgery for endometriosis can involve severe complications, it is important to determine if the patient's quality of life (QOL) is indeed improved after surgery. A systematic review and meta-analysis, when appropriate, were conducted and included 38 studies that assessed the QOL using validated questionnaires administered before and after surgery. Results were grouped according to the type of endometriosis reported: i) all types endometriosis; ii) deep infiltrative endometriosis (DIE); iii) bowel endometriosis. Quantitative analysis was performed on 17 homogeneous studies. Pooled response mean difference of 36-Item and 12-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36 and SF-12) showed significant improvement in Mental Component Score (MCS) after surgery for all types of endometriosis (0.21; CI:0.04-0.38); significant improvement after surgical treatment for DIE in Vitality (VT) (0.67; CI:0.41-0.94), Social Functioning (SF) (0.59; CI: 0.18-0.99), Role Emotional (RE) (0.49; CI:0.02-0.97), Mental Health (MH) (0.39; CI:0.03-0.74), Physical Functioning (PF) (0.93; CI:0.49-1.38), Bodily Pain (BP) (1.23; CI:0.47-1.99), General Health (GH) (0.57; CI:0.02-1.12), MCS (0.55; CI:0.10-1.00) and Physical Component Score (PCS) (0.73; CI:0.27-1.18); significant improvement after surgery for bowel endometriosis for all eight domains [VT (1.00; (CI:0.56-1.43); SF (0.97;CI:0.57-1.37); RE (1.17;CI:0.7-1.63); MH (0.94;CI:0.5-1.38); PF (0.74;CI:0.3-1.18); RP (1.25;CI:0.75-1.76); BP (1.39;CI:0.79-1.98; GH (0.84; CI:1.46-1.22)], MCS (0.93; CI:0.47-1.40), PCS (0.82; CI:0.40-1.23) and total score (1.15; CI:0.48-1.83). Only one study assessed patients with minimal disease and showed significant improvement in PCS (p=0.002) and MCS (p<0.001). This systematic review reveals that surgery for endometriosis resulted in overall improvement in the majority of health domains of HRQOL and the greatest improvement was found in BP domain.